Modulárnosť siete je prax navrhovania sietí ako prepojených, účelovo postavených segmentov, a nie monolitických štruktúr. Každý modul slúži špecifickej funkcii, má vymedzené hranice a pripája sa k priľahlým modulom prostredníctvom dobre zrozumiteľných rozhraní. Tento prístup transformuje návrh siete z umenia do opakovateľnej inžinierskej disciplíny.
Moc modularity spočíva v jej schopnosti tvoriťpredvídateľné modelyktoré možno dôsledne uplatňovať v celej infraštruktúre organizácie bez ohľadu na to, či ide o desaťtisíce malých lokalít, tisíce stredných lokalít alebo stovky veľkých podnikových táborov.
| Benefit | Small Sites | Medium Sites | Large Sites | - - - - - |Zjednodušené riešenie problémov| Single engineer can understand entire topology | Teams can specialize by module | Clear escalation paths between module owners | |Predvídateľný rozsah| Add modules as needed | Clone proven patterns | Extend without redesign | |Konzistentná bezpečnosť| Same policies everywhere | Uniform compliance posture | Auditable boundaries | |Prevádzková efektívnosť| Template-based deployment | Automated provisioning | Standardized change management | |Kontrola nákladov| Right-size each module | Bulk purchasing by module type | Lifecycle management by tier |
Organizácie zriedka zostávajú statické. Modulárna konštrukcia musí obsahovať:
Bez modulárnosti sa každé miesto stáva jedinečnou snehovou vločkou, ktorá si vyžaduje vlastnú dokumentáciu, odborný výcvik a jednorazové riešenie problémov. S modulárnosťou, inžinier, ktorý chápe vzor môže účinne pracovať na každom mieste.
Internet Edge je miesto, kde sa vaša organizácia stretáva s vonkajším svetom. Tento modul obsahuje:
@startuml Internet Edge Module
!define ICONURL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Roemer/plantuml-office/master/office2014
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
skinparam handwritten false
nwdiag {
internet [shape = cloud, description = "Internet"];
network ISP_Transit {
address = "VLAN 10-12"
color = "#FFE4E1"
description = "ISP/MPLS Transit"
internet;
ISP_A [description = "ISP-A\nCircuit"];
ISP_B [description = "ISP-B\nCircuit"];
MPLS [description = "MPLS\nCircuit"];
}
network Edge_Router_Segment {
address = "VLAN 10,11,12"
color = "#E6E6FA"
description = "Edge Router Aggregation"
ISP_A;
ISP_B;
MPLS;
Edge_Router [description = "Edge Router\n(BGP Peering)"];
}
network FW_Outside {
address = "VLAN 100"
color = "#FFFACD"
description = "Firewall Outside"
Edge_Router;
FW_Primary [description = "Firewall\nPrimary"];
FW_Secondary [description = "Firewall\nSecondary"];
}
network FW_HA_Sync {
address = "VLAN 101"
color = "#F0FFF0"
description = "HA Sync Link"
FW_Primary;
FW_Secondary;
}
network FW_Inside {
address = "VLAN 102"
color = "#E0FFFF"
description = "To Internal Edge"
FW_Primary;
FW_Secondary;
}
}
@enduml
Hlavné princípy návrhu:
Interný okraj pre stredné a veľké lokality poskytuje súhrnnú vrstvu pre služby, ktoré vyžadujú kontrolované vystavenie alebo slúžia ako prechodové body medzi bezpečnostnými zónami.
@startuml Internal Edge Module
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
nwdiag {
network From_Internet_Edge {
address = "VLAN 102"
color = "#E0FFFF"
description = "From Firewall Inside"
IntEdge_A [description = "Internal Edge\nSwitch A"];
IntEdge_B [description = "Internal Edge\nSwitch B"];
}
network MCLAG_Peer {
address = "Peer-Link"
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "MCLAG/vPC Peer"
IntEdge_A;
IntEdge_B;
}
network WLC_Mgmt {
address = "VLAN 200 - 10.x.200.0/24"
color = "#FFE4B5"
description = "WLC Management"
IntEdge_A;
IntEdge_B;
WLC [description = "Wireless LAN\nController"];
}
network Proxy_Farm {
address = "VLAN 201 - 10.x.201.0/24"
color = "#FFDAB9"
description = "Proxy Services"
IntEdge_A;
IntEdge_B;
Proxy [description = "Web Proxy\nServers"];
}
network VPN_Services {
address = "VLAN 202 - 10.x.202.0/24"
color = "#E6E6FA"
description = "VPN Termination"
IntEdge_A;
IntEdge_B;
VPN [description = "VPN\nConcentrator"];
}
network Infrastructure {
address = "VLAN 204 - 10.x.204.0/24"
color = "#F0FFF0"
description = "Infrastructure Services"
IntEdge_A;
IntEdge_B;
DNS_DHCP [description = "DNS/DHCP\nServers"];
}
network To_Core {
address = "VLAN 205"
color = "#B0E0E6"
description = "Core Transit"
IntEdge_A;
IntEdge_B;
}
}
@enduml
Služby Typicky na vnútornej hrane:
Jadro je vysokorýchlostná chrbtica, ktorá prepája všetky ostatné moduly. Malo by sa optimalizovať pre:
@startuml Core Module
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
nwdiag {
network From_Internal_Edge {
address = "L3 Routed"
color = "#B0E0E6"
description = "From Internal Edge"
Core_A [description = "Core Switch A\n100G Backbone"];
Core_B [description = "Core Switch B\n100G Backbone"];
}
network Core_Interconnect {
address = "100G+ ISL"
color = "#FFB6C1"
description = "High-Speed Interconnect\nOSPF/IS-IS/BGP"
Core_A;
Core_B;
}
network To_Distribution_1 {
address = "L3 P2P"
color = "#98FB98"
description = "Building A"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Dist_1 [description = "Distribution 1\n(L3 Adjacent)"];
}
network To_Distribution_2 {
address = "L3 P2P"
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "Building B"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Dist_2 [description = "Distribution 2\n(MCLAG)"];
}
network To_Distribution_3 {
address = "L3 P2P"
color = "#FFDAB9"
description = "Building C"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Dist_3 [description = "Distribution 3\n(MCLAG)"];
}
network To_DC_Border {
address = "L3 Routed"
color = "#87CEEB"
description = "Datacenter"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Border_Leaf [description = "Border Leaf\n(DC Fabric)"];
}
}
@enduml
Základné princípy návrhu:
Zlúčenia distribučných vrstiev Access prepína a presadzuje politiku. To je miesto, kde výber návrhu siete majú najviac variácie na základe požiadaviek lokality.
V tomto dizajne sú rozvody a prístupové vrstvyL3 susediaceKaždý prístupový spínač má svoj vlastný IP podsieť a trasy priamo k distribúcii.
@startuml Distribution Variation 1 - L3 Adjacent
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
nwdiag {
network From_Core {
address = "L3 ECMP"
color = "#B0E0E6"
description = "From Core Layer"
Dist_A [description = "Distribution A\n(L3 Router)"];
Dist_B [description = "Distribution B\n(L3 Router)"];
}
network Dist_iBGP {
address = "iBGP Peering"
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "ECMP/iBGP"
Dist_A;
Dist_B;
}
network P2P_Access_1 {
address = "10.x.2.0/30"
color = "#98FB98"
description = "L3 Point-to-Point"
Dist_A;
Dist_B;
Access_1 [description = "Access SW-1\n(L3 Gateway)"];
}
network P2P_Access_2 {
address = "10.x.2.8/30"
color = "#FFE4B5"
description = "L3 Point-to-Point"
Dist_A;
Dist_B;
Access_2 [description = "Access SW-2\n(L3 Gateway)"];
}
network P2P_Access_3 {
address = "10.x.2.16/30"
color = "#FFDAB9"
description = "L3 Point-to-Point"
Dist_A;
Dist_B;
Access_3 [description = "Access SW-3\n(L3 Gateway)"];
}
network User_VLAN_1 {
address = "10.x.32.0/24"
color = "#F0FFF0"
description = "Users - SW1"
Access_1;
Laptop_1 [description = "Laptops"];
Phone_1 [description = "Phones"];
}
network User_VLAN_2 {
address = "10.x.33.0/24"
color = "#FFF0F5"
description = "Users - SW2"
Access_2;
Laptop_2 [description = "Laptops"];
Camera_2 [description = "Cameras"];
}
network User_VLAN_3 {
address = "10.x.34.0/24"
color = "#F5FFFA"
description = "Users - SW3"
Access_3;
Laptop_3 [description = "Workstations"];
Camera_3 [description = "Cameras"];
}
}
@enduml
Príklad rozdelenia subnetu:
| Link | Subnet | . | Distribution to Core | 10.x.1.0/30, 10.x.1.4/30 | | Dist-A to Access-1 | 10.x.2.0/30 | | Dist-B to Access-1 | 10.x.2.4/30 | | Access-1 User VLAN | 10.x.32.0/24 | | Access-2 User VLAN | 10.x.33.0/24 |
Prínosy:
Úvahy:
Tento dizajn používaMulti-Chassis Link Agregácia (MCLAG)pri distribúciiDlhopisy LACPna prístup k vypínačom, ktoré nesú káblové VLAN.
Názvoslovie: Cisco nazýva tento vPC (Virtual Port Channel), Arista používa MLAG, Juniper používa MC-LAG, a HPE / Aruba používa VSX. Funkčné správanie je podobné medzi dodávateľmi.
@startuml Distribution Variation 2 - MCLAG
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
nwdiag {
network From_Core {
address = "L3 Routed Uplinks"
color = "#B0E0E6"
description = "From Core Layer"
Dist_A [description = "Distribution A\n(MCLAG Member)"];
Dist_B [description = "Distribution B\n(MCLAG Member)"];
}
network MCLAG_Peer_Link {
address = "Peer-Link"
color = "#FFB6C1"
description = "MCLAG/vPC Peer-Link"
Dist_A;
Dist_B;
}
network LACP_To_Access {
address = "Po1 - LACP Trunk"
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "VLANs 100,110,120 Trunked"
Dist_A;
Dist_B;
Access_1 [description = "Access SW-1\n(L2 Switch)"];
}
network Data_VLAN {
address = "VLAN 100 - 10.x.32.0/24"
color = "#98FB98"
description = "Data VLAN"
Access_1;
Laptops [description = "Laptops\nWorkstations"];
}
network Voice_VLAN {
address = "VLAN 110 - 10.x.64.0/24"
color = "#FFE4B5"
description = "Voice VLAN"
Access_1;
Phones [description = "IP Phones"];
}
network Security_VLAN {
address = "VLAN 120 - 10.x.96.0/24"
color = "#FFDAB9"
description = "Security VLAN"
Access_1;
Cameras [description = "Cameras\nBadge Readers"];
}
}
@enduml
Umiestnenie SVI (VRRP VIP na distribučnom páre):
Nastavenie VLAN Trunk:
| Port-Channel | VLANs | Destination | |--------------|-------|-------------| 100 110 120 | Po2 (MCLAG) | 100,110,120,130 | Access-2 | | Po3 (MCLAG) | 100,110 | Access-3 | | Native VLAN | 999 (unused) | — |
Dávky MCLAG:
Úvahy:
V prostredí dátových centier sa distribučná vrstva stávaHraničný listprepojenie chrbtice a listovej tkaniny so zvyškom siete podnikov.
@startuml Distribution Variation 3 - Border Leaf Datacenter
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
nwdiag {
network Enterprise_Core {
address = "L3 Routed (eBGP/OSPF)"
color = "#B0E0E6"
description = "From Enterprise Core"
Border_A [description = "Border Leaf A\nVXLAN Gateway"];
Border_B [description = "Border Leaf B\nVXLAN Gateway"];
}
network Border_EVPN {
address = "VXLAN EVPN"
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "EVPN Type-5 Routes"
Border_A;
Border_B;
Spine_1 [description = "Spine 1"];
Spine_2 [description = "Spine 2"];
}
network Spine_Fabric {
address = "eBGP Underlay"
color = "#FFB6C1"
description = "Spine Layer"
Spine_1;
Spine_2;
}
network Leaf_Tier_1 {
address = "VTEP"
color = "#98FB98"
description = "Compute Rack 1"
Spine_1;
Spine_2;
Leaf_1 [description = "Leaf 1"];
Leaf_2 [description = "Leaf 2"];
}
network Leaf_Tier_2 {
address = "VTEP"
color = "#FFE4B5"
description = "Storage/Services"
Spine_1;
Spine_2;
Leaf_3 [description = "Leaf 3"];
Leaf_4 [description = "Leaf 4"];
}
network Server_Rack_1 {
address = "VNI 10001"
color = "#F0FFF0"
description = "Compute Servers"
Leaf_1;
Leaf_2;
Servers_1 [description = "Rack Servers\nVMs/Containers"];
}
network Storage_Network {
address = "VNI 10002"
color = "#FFDAB9"
description = "Storage Arrays"
Leaf_3;
Storage [description = "SAN/NAS\nStorage"];
}
network Voice_Services {
address = "VNI 10003"
color = "#E6E6FA"
description = "UC Systems"
Leaf_4;
PBX [description = "PBX/UC\nSystems"];
}
}
@enduml
Datacenter Fabric Details:
| Component | Function | . . . . . . . . . . . . . |Podklad| eBGP (ASN per switch) or OSPF | |PrekrytieVXLAN s EVPN riadiacou rovinou |Hraničný list| VXLAN-to-VLAN gateway, External routes, Inter-VRF routing | |Listové práce| Compute, Storage, Voice/UC, Infrastructure |
Prínosy:
Úvahy:
Prístupová vrstva je tam, kde sa koncové zariadenia pripájajú. Bez ohľadu na topológiu distribúcie, prístupové prepínače poskytujú:
@startuml Access Layer Module
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
nwdiag {
network Distribution_Uplink {
address = "L3 or LACP Trunk"
color = "#B0E0E6"
description = "Uplinks to Distribution"
Access_SW [description = "48-Port Access Switch\nPoE+ Capable"];
}
network Data_VLAN {
address = "VLAN 100 - Ports 1-8, 25-32"
color = "#98FB98"
description = "Data VLAN"
Access_SW;
Laptops [description = "Laptops\nWorkstations"];
}
network Voice_VLAN {
address = "VLAN 110 - Ports 9-16"
color = "#FFE4B5"
description = "Voice VLAN"
Access_SW;
Phones [description = "IP Phones"];
}
network Camera_VLAN {
address = "VLAN 120 - Ports 17-24"
color = "#FFDAB9"
description = "Security VLAN"
Access_SW;
Cameras [description = "IP Cameras"];
}
network Wireless_VLAN {
address = "VLAN 130 - Ports 33-40"
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "Wireless AP VLAN"
Access_SW;
APs [description = "Wireless APs"];
}
network Mgmt_VLAN {
address = "VLAN 999 - Ports 41-44"
color = "#F0FFF0"
description = "Management VLAN"
Access_SW;
}
}
@enduml
Prístup vrstvová bezpečnosť funkcie:
Tu je spôsob, akým sa všetky moduly pripájajú k vytvoreniu kompletnej podnikovej siete:
@startuml Complete Modular Network Topology
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
title Complete Enterprise Modular Network
nwdiag {
internet [shape = cloud, description = "Internet/WAN"];
network Internet_Edge {
address = "Module 1"
color = "#FFE4E1"
description = "INTERNET EDGE MODULE"
internet;
ISP_A [description = "ISP-A"];
ISP_B [description = "ISP-B"];
MPLS [description = "MPLS"];
Edge_RTR [description = "Edge Router"];
FW_A [description = "FW-A"];
FW_B [description = "FW-B"];
}
network Internal_Edge {
address = "Module 2"
color = "#E6E6FA"
description = "INTERNAL EDGE / DMZ MODULE"
FW_A;
FW_B;
IntEdge_A [description = "IntEdge-A"];
IntEdge_B [description = "IntEdge-B"];
WLC [description = "WLC"];
Proxy [description = "Proxy"];
VPN [description = "VPN"];
DNS [description = "DNS/DHCP"];
}
network Core {
address = "Module 3"
color = "#B0E0E6"
description = "CORE MODULE"
IntEdge_A;
IntEdge_B;
Core_A [description = "Core-A"];
Core_B [description = "Core-B"];
}
network Distribution_L3 {
address = "Variation 1"
color = "#98FB98"
description = "DIST - L3 Adjacent\n(Building A)"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Dist_1A [description = "Dist-1A"];
Dist_1B [description = "Dist-1B"];
Access_L3 [description = "Access\n(L3)"];
}
network Distribution_MCLAG {
address = "Variation 2"
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "DIST - MCLAG\n(Building B)"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Dist_2A [description = "Dist-2A"];
Dist_2B [description = "Dist-2B"];
Access_L2 [description = "Access\n(L2)"];
}
network Datacenter {
address = "Variation 3"
color = "#FFE4B5"
description = "DATACENTER\n(Spine/Leaf)"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Border_Leaf [description = "Border\nLeaf"];
Spine [description = "Spine"];
Leaf [description = "Leaf"];
Servers [description = "Servers\nStorage\nPBX"];
}
network Campus_Users {
address = "End Devices"
color = "#F0FFF0"
description = "Campus Users"
Access_L3;
Access_L2;
Users [description = "Laptops\nPhones\nCameras"];
}
}
@enduml
Ak siete rastú tak, že zahŕňajú viaceré bezpečnostné zóny, obchodné jednotky alebo hranice súladu,VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding)zabezpečuje izoláciu traťových stolov. Rozšírenie VRF prostredníctvom viacerých úrovní však zvyšuje zložitosť:
Dobre navrhnutá schéma podsiete robí obrazce rozpoznateľné, znižuje kognitívne zaťaženie a konfiguráciu chýb.
Pridelenie lokality:10.0.0/13 (Výrobná lokalita Alpha) - 524,286 použiteľných hostiteľov
@startuml VRF Subnet Schema
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
title Large Site VRF Allocation Schema (10.0.0.0/13)
nwdiag {
network Corporate_VRF {
address = "VRF: CORPORATE\n10.0.0.0/17"
color = "#98FB98"
description = "Production Users"
Corp_Transit [description = "Transit\n10.0.0.0/23"];
Corp_Users [description = "Users\n10.0.32.0/19"];
Corp_Voice [description = "Voice\n10.0.64.0/19"];
Corp_Wireless [description = "Wireless\n10.0.96.0/19"];
Corp_Server [description = "Servers\n10.0.112.0/20"];
}
network Guest_VRF {
address = "VRF: GUEST\n10.1.0.0/17"
color = "#FFE4B5"
description = "Visitor Network"
Guest_Transit [description = "Transit\n10.1.0.0/23"];
Guest_Users [description = "Users\n10.1.32.0/19"];
}
network Security_VRF {
address = "VRF: SECURITY\n10.2.0.0/17"
color = "#FFDAB9"
description = "Physical Security"
Sec_Transit [description = "Transit\n10.2.0.0/23"];
Sec_Camera [description = "Cameras\n10.2.32.0/19"];
Sec_Badge [description = "Badge Readers\n10.2.64.0/19"];
Sec_NVR [description = "NVR/VMS\n10.2.96.0/20"];
}
network IOT_VRF {
address = "VRF: IOT\n10.3.0.0/17"
color = "#E6E6FA"
description = "Manufacturing OT"
IOT_Transit [description = "Transit\n10.3.0.0/23"];
IOT_PLC [description = "PLCs\n10.3.32.0/19"];
IOT_HMI [description = "HMIs\n10.3.64.0/19"];
IOT_SCADA [description = "SCADA\n10.3.96.0/20"];
}
}
@enduml
Tranzitný segment Detail (10.0.0./23 - 510 použiteľných IP):
Description |--------|------------------| 10, 0. 0. 0/ 30 10, 0. 04/ 30 | 10.0.0.8/30 | Internal-Edge-A → Core-A | | 10.0.0.12/30 | Internal-Edge-A → Core-B | | 10.0.0.16/30 | Internal-Edge-B → Core-A | | 10.0.0.20/30 | Internal-Edge-B → Core-B | | 10.0.0.24/30 | Core-A → Distribution-A | | 10.0.0.28/30 | Core-A → Distribution-B | 10,0.32/30 10,0.36/30 10,0.0.40/30 10,0.04/30 | ... | (Pattern continues) |
Poznámka:31 subnety (RFC 3021) možno použiť aj na odkazy od bodu k bodu, ktoré chránia adresný priestor.
Ak sú modely podsiete konzistentné v rámci VRF:
| What You Know | What You Can Infer | |---------------|-------------------| | Transit link in Corporate uses 10.0.0.40/30 | Guest equivalent is 10.1.0.40/30 | | Access-SW-5 users are on 10.0.36.0/24 | Security cameras on same switch are 10.2.36.0/24 | | Site Alpha is 10.0.0.0/13 | Site Beta could be 10.8.0.0/13 |
To umožňuje inžinierom:
@startuml Small Site Template
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
title Small Site Template (< 50 users)
nwdiag {
internet [shape = cloud];
network WAN {
color = "#FFE4E1"
description = "ISP/MPLS Circuit"
internet;
UTM [description = "UTM/SD-WAN\nAppliance\n(Router+FW+VPN+WLC)"];
}
network LAN {
address = "10.100.x.0/24"
color = "#98FB98"
description = "Single Subnet"
UTM;
Access [description = "Access Switch\n(or UTM ports)"];
}
network Endpoints {
color = "#F0FFF0"
description = "End Devices"
Access;
AP [description = "WiFi AP"];
Users [description = "Users"];
Phones [description = "Phones"];
}
}
@enduml
Poznámky k dizajnu malej lokality:
@startuml Medium Site Template
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
title Medium Site Template (50-500 users)
nwdiag {
internet [shape = cloud];
network WAN_Edge {
color = "#FFE4E1"
description = "Internet Edge"
internet;
ISP_A [description = "ISP-A"];
ISP_B [description = "ISP-B/MPLS"];
Edge_RTR [description = "Edge Router"];
}
network Firewall_Tier {
color = "#FFDAB9"
description = "Firewall HA Pair"
Edge_RTR;
FW_A [description = "FW-A"];
FW_B [description = "FW-B"];
}
network Distribution {
address = "10.50.x.0/21"
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "MCLAG Distribution\n(Dist/Core Combined)"
FW_A;
FW_B;
Dist_A [description = "Dist-A"];
Dist_B [description = "Dist-B"];
}
network Access_Tier {
color = "#98FB98"
description = "Access Switches (LACP)"
Dist_A;
Dist_B;
Acc1 [description = "Acc1"];
Acc2 [description = "Acc2"];
Acc3 [description = "Acc3"];
Acc4 [description = "Acc4"];
Acc5 [description = "Acc5"];
}
network Users {
color = "#F0FFF0"
description = "End Devices"
Acc1;
Acc2;
Acc3;
Acc4;
Acc5;
Endpoints [description = "Laptops/Phones\nCameras/APs"];
}
}
@enduml
Poznámky k strednému dizajnu lokality:
@startuml Large Site Template
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
title Large Site Template (500+ users)
nwdiag {
internet [shape = cloud];
network Internet_Edge {
color = "#FFE4E1"
description = "INTERNET EDGE MODULE"
internet;
ISP_A [description = "ISP-A"];
ISP_B [description = "ISP-B"];
MPLS [description = "MPLS"];
Edge_RTR [description = "Edge-RTR"];
FW_A [description = "FW-A"];
FW_B [description = "FW-B"];
}
network Internal_Edge {
color = "#E6E6FA"
description = "INTERNAL EDGE MODULE"
FW_A;
FW_B;
IntEdge_A [description = "IntEdge-A"];
IntEdge_B [description = "IntEdge-B"];
WLC [description = "WLC"];
Proxy [description = "Proxy"];
VPN [description = "VPN"];
DNS [description = "DNS"];
}
network Core {
color = "#B0E0E6"
description = "CORE MODULE"
IntEdge_A;
IntEdge_B;
Core_A [description = "Core-A"];
Core_B [description = "Core-B"];
}
network Dist_Var1 {
color = "#98FB98"
description = "L3 Adjacent"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Dist_1 [description = "Dist-1"];
Access_1 [description = "Access"];
}
network Dist_Var2 {
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "MCLAG Trunk"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Dist_2 [description = "Dist-2"];
Access_2 [description = "Access"];
}
network Dist_Var3 {
color = "#FFE4B5"
description = "MCLAG Trunk"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Dist_3 [description = "Dist-3"];
Access_3 [description = "Access"];
}
network Datacenter {
color = "#87CEEB"
description = "SPINE/LEAF DC"
Core_A;
Core_B;
Border [description = "Border-Leaf"];
Spine [description = "Spine"];
Leaf [description = "Leaf"];
Servers [description = "Servers"];
}
}
@enduml
Poznámky k dizajnu veľkých stránok:
Ak sa segmenty musia rozšíriť cez viaceré úrovne, každá hranica L3 pridáva konfiguráciu nad hlavou:
@startuml Multi-VRF Path Through Tiers
skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
title Multi-VRF Traffic Path: Camera to NVR
nwdiag {
network Camera_Segment {
address = "VLAN 120\n10.2.36.0/24"
color = "#FFDAB9"
description = "VRF: SECURITY"
Camera [description = "Camera"];
Access_SW [description = "Access-SW\nSub-int: 10.2.0.40/30"];
}
network Access_to_Dist {
address = "10.2.0.40/30"
color = "#DDA0DD"
description = "VRF: SECURITY"
Access_SW;
Distribution [description = "Distribution\nSub-int: 10.2.0.24/30"];
}
network Dist_to_Core {
address = "10.2.0.24/30"
color = "#B0E0E6"
description = "VRF: SECURITY"
Distribution;
Core [description = "Core\nSub-int: 10.2.0.8/30"];
}
network Core_to_IntEdge {
address = "10.2.0.8/30"
color = "#E6E6FA"
description = "VRF: SECURITY"
Core;
Internal_Edge [description = "Internal-Edge\nSub-int: 10.2.0.0/30"];
}
network IntEdge_to_FW {
address = "10.2.0.0/30"
color = "#FFE4E1"
description = "VRF: SECURITY"
Internal_Edge;
Firewall [description = "Firewall\nInter-VRF Policy"];
}
network DC_Path {
address = "VXLAN/EVPN"
color = "#87CEEB"
description = "Datacenter Fabric"
Firewall;
Border_Leaf [description = "Border-Leaf"];
Spine [description = "Spine"];
Leaf [description = "Leaf"];
NVR [description = "NVR"];
}
}
@enduml
Nadstavec konfigurácie:
Cieľom modulárneho návrhu siete je vytvoriťopakovaný vzorktoré umožňuje:
| Scale | Sites | Pattern | . . . . . . . . . . . | Small | 10,000+ | Collapsed UTM + single switch, /24 per site | | Medium | 1,000+ | Edge + MCLAG distribution + access, /21 per site | | Large | 100+ | Full modular (Edge, Internal Edge, Core, Distribution variants, DC fabric), /13-/15 per site |
Zavedením týchto vzorcov a ich dôsledným uplatňovaním môžu organizácie budovať siete, ktoré siahajú od jedinej pobočky až po globálny podnik a zároveň zachovávajú jednoduchosť prevádzky a bezpečnostné postavenie.
Článok verzia 2.0